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Platonic Political philosophy
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Platonic and Aristotelian Political philosophy The Greek social and ethical mentality previous to Sócrates represented a state of constant competitiveness between the individuals. The common education was based on poems of Homero and Hesiod. That they fomented values of competitiveness between the citizens. It was considered that each individual within the society had a destiny (or it starts off) or place in the society. The law of more hard predominated, as it is seen in Homeric poems, and justice was not considered a desirable virtue. This plays a very important role then of these ethical beliefs is while still alive based the Greek social structure on the moment of Sócrates, by this it dies and later it writes Plato to him. Sócrates dies without leaving nothing written of its education, and many anuses after their death Plato use to him like main personage in their dialogues. Evidently Plato considers that a social reform is necessary for the salvation of the cities states, in main of Athens that is where it lived. The inherited competitive system of of Homero and Hesiod does not respond to the common needs of the society, and is in their opinion necessary a new system member of a cooperative where justice if volume the place of a desirable virtue. It had been the common education of Sócrates that ?is preferable to undergo an evil unjustly, that to make an evil unjustly?. Nevertheless this education contradicts clearly the old ethical idea. Plato in its book the republic, presents/displays as the personage of Sócrates in conversation is common and debates with personages who represent the different previous positions. This book tries to raise justice like a virtue, good and desirable according to the Greek opinion. In the second part of this Sócrates dialogue it connects the individual justice with a state one, explaining that if it were also considered to good justice for the man must thus be for the state and vice versa. This implies that if managed to convince its interlocutors that justice is a desirable virtue for the state also would have to be it for the individual. In this part of the work of Plato it is related by Sócrates which represented their political ideas based on their ethical expositions. The state perfect according to Sócrates and written by Plato is ?a city where all each individual in particular fulfills its function within the state of a specialized way. Where he is educated to the young people of a censured way of the bad values taught by epic poems, where the heroes not always act of the best way, lying, committing injustices, etc. Nevertheless he is advisable that teaches to the young people the values of loyalty, the disinterestedness, templanza and bravery, so that they can serve as models. Another one of the Greek values of greater importance is to exercise themselves, to go to the gymnasium and to practice the body as much as the mind. This was very common n the Greek culture. One of important them point but in the Platonic policy is that although does not accept the monarchy like advisable, much less it accepts the democracy. Plato considers that the decision of the majority is in the majority of the cases erroneous. It is why but ahead Sócrates in the dialogue defends that the government of the perfect state this constituted by a group elite of Guardians. The guardians must be common old, or the most expert ones, considered from trained young people and of special way in the c
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